Pathology Uncertainty

Your Guide to Uncertainty in Medical Testing

Educational support materials

Here are some useful resources to use

Probability Distribution Viewer


A hands-on simulator for clinical data distributions. Visualize Gaussian and non-Gaussian patterns, experiment with sample sizes, and see how extreme values distort common statistical summaries. A vital resource for establishing robust reference intervals.

Visualization of normal (Gaussian) distribution with a bell-shaped curve showing a frequency histogram based on a simulated dataset. The graph highlights the mean value of 140 mmol/L and standard deviation of 2.5 mmol/L, along with additional clinical context and key teaching points.